The problem of the huge gap between the rich and poor in China and the Essay

The problem of the huge gap between the rich and poor in China and the solutions - Essay Example In contrast to them the poorest 10 per cent of China’s population’s income increased by no more than 12-fold. This sustained trend ranging over a period of almost 2.5 decades has distanced the rich and the poor so much that they almost find themselves at opposite poles today. The Gini coefficient suggests that the yawning gap between the two populations in China has become so wide that it is now disturbing the limits of social stability. The hukou system in China The growing inequality between the rich and the poor in China is integrally linked with the hukou system of the permits of residency according to which the internal migration of the poor is restrained to the towns. Economic gap between the rich and the poor in China has increased with the growing scarcity of the rural labor. The hukou system has limited the poor to the access of public services only where they are registered which are mostly the very places where they are born. â€Å"[M]aking individualsâ€⠄¢ hukou status salient and public significantly reduces the performance of rural migrant students on an incentivized cognitive task by 10 percent, which leads to a significant leftward shift of their earnings distribution† (Afridi, Li, and Ren). The rules applying limits to migration in China that limit the poor in the countryside are blatantly unfair. The concept of Guanxi The growth of business in general and the small and medium sized enterprises (SME) in China has recently grabbed the attention of the whole world. One factor that has played a prime role in the growth of business and the consequential strengthening of economy in China is the concept of Guanxi, that encourages people to build social connections and networks and seek benefits from them. â€Å"The concept of Guanxi or a network of connections is a well known and central aspect of life in China, both in business and social life. It's no different from the 'old boys network' in the UK† (Walker). This sys tem has not only increased the economic divide between the rich and the poor in China, but has also helped the cultivation of corruption and injustice in the systems. Chinese politicians today recognize and appreciate the Old Etonian bonds among the City Hall and the Downing Street. China’s upcoming leaders are linked through families. Economist Mao Yushi has described the problem in these words, â€Å"The wealth in China is not only allocated by the market, but also by power. The people with power have money. The marriage between power and money allows people to make money by using illegal methods. It increases further the income gap between the rich and the poor beyond the market itself† (Yushi cited in Taylor). The system is unfair and the poor do not stand any chance even in the long run. Solutions Decreasing disparity of income between the rich and the poor Since it is one of the most important contributing factors in the widening economic gap between people of

Significance of Manned Missions to Mars Essay Example for Free

Significance of Manned Missions to Mars Essay After Apollo 11 succeeded in the first manned mission to land on the Moon in 1969, people’s interests were gradually leaving the Moon and went on to Mars, which is the most similar planet to Earth in the solar system. In such a current of public opinion, the U. S. and other countries have been trying to send human beings to Mars. However, today, there is a debate as to whether we should continue making efforts to send mankind to Mars, or not. Some people say that it is not worth the expense and risk to make a manned flight to Mars. On the other hand, others think it is still important to continue making those attempts – not for a material purpose, but for pursuing romance of space travel. Opponents of a manned mission to Mars claim that it costs too much to keep making attempts, and if we did not have to spend such money on those missions, we could increase health-care, education, and some other budgets. It is true. However, what is waiting for us in such a future as we will get at the sacrifice of dream or romance? What is necessary for people of today is not material wealth which we can get by cutting the budget of missions to Mars but mental wealth which we can cultivate by pursuing romance or dreaming of it. Opponents also maintain that we should quit trying to make those impractical attempts and wait until the technology is established because we cannot send mankind to Mars with the current technology. However, this argument is off the point because it is not important whether those attempts are impractical or not at the present moment. Necessity always makes technology develop. By practically continuing making efforts to send mankind to Mars, we can develop the technology which is needed to make it possible. In order to get something, we have to do something. Just waiting for something doesn’t help. The other arguments advanced by opponents is that we will not have any beneficial results except mental satisfaction such as dream or romance even if we can make a manned flight to Mars. However, of course, there are several beneficial things we will get from the success of missions to Mars. At first, understanding Mars helps us to understand more about our planet Earth because of the similarity between these two planets. We may be able to know how to protect the environment on Earth by studying how Mars died. Additionally, space engineering is one of the latest frontiers of science. We will be able to apply the technology we will have developed in this field to several other fields. Accordingly, missions to Mars have a benefit not only for people who are interested in Mars but also for people who are not. Certainly, it may not be easy to continue making efforts to send mankind to Mars, and it costs a lot. Nonetheless, things we get by missions to Mars are more than things we lose by it as mentioned above. By pursuing romance of space travel, we make dream which seems impossible to be achieved come true, and while we enjoy technology and knowledge we get from missions to Mars, we can avoid losing mental wealth at the same time. We should continue trying to make a manned flight to Mars.

Lisa Fraziers The Pact :: Lisa Frazier The Pact

Lisa Frazier's The Pact My father's family lived in New Jersey when my dad and his three brothers were just blooming adolescents. Their parents were the product of the cocktail generation, and the Irish tendency towards alcoholism was augmented by that social niche. Despite the arguments and drinking, Mary and Jack wanted to make sure their children got the best possible education. The boys were sent to Catholic schools, and once they graduated were forcefully directed down a collegiate path. The brothers gave each other support throughout the years, but what they did with that support behind them was up to each individual. All four of the brothers went on to higher education, but their choices there and the lives they'd lead thereafter were all rather different. The doctors in the Pact, a book about close friends using a promise to unite the and motivate eachother to succeed, grew up where my father and his brothers did, but in a very different time. Much like my father's family, they were to face their own individual obstacles and make their way to higher education and their lives beyond. Both had parents with little money and received the best education that could be provided, and both would face elements in their lives that could change it. Before further comparison the lives of Tom, Bill, Pat, and Tim should be discussed. My father, Tom, was the eldest brother and was the first to attend college. He had been an alter boy in high school and a football player. When it came time for him to attend college he chose Millersville University . There he played football and was well known as a student who knew how to throw a party. Two years into his college career he decided to go into the navy. After serving his time there he went back to Millersville only to drop out near the beginning of his senior year because he found college to be â€Å"boring†. To my father there is nothing worse than being bored. His biggest accomplishment in college, as far as he saw it, was when trying to write an original poem in a certain style on one of his English finals, he wrote a limerick instead which went as follows:

Corporate Events in Intramuros

University of the Philippines Manila National Graduate Office for the Health Sciences How Many Corporate Events on a particular week day in Intramural? Sherry Ann N. Shares 2014- 85177 2014-2015/ 1st semester Master in Management / College of Arts and Sciences Problem of the Study How many Corporate Events on a particular week day in Intramural?Introduction of the Study Corporate event Is an event sponsored by a corporation for the purpose of cleaving specific goals and objectives such as entertaining customers, Introducing and promoting new products or services, or providing Incentives or training for employees, as well as other activities (Wiley International Dictionary of Event control – all basic principles of project management (Mastitis, P. , & Tooled, W. , 2002). Based on research, the areas of management for corporate events are the if: scope, time, cost, risk, content, human resources, procurement, and communication.Thus, there is a need to identify that factors that is relative to the number of corporate events per day. Locale of the study The locale of the study is Intramural which is suited in Manila City. It is a 64-hectare tone citadel, founded by the Spanish in 1571, and has withstood wars, natural disasters and successive waves of colonial invaders, and such stands as a metaphor of Manila itself. (http://content. Time. Com/time/travel/citywide/article/ Intramural is a Latin word meaning â€Å"within the walls†. A place or monument of the Spanish period in the Philippine history.It is also known as the â€Å"Walled City†. It is one of the principal tour destination in the Philippines. Fig. 1 Map of Intramural Hypothesis Hon.: No. Of corporate events per day is not relative with the span of time of the event Ha: No. F corporate events per day is significantly relative to the day of the week. Research Methods This presents the methods used in the research and the respondents of the study to gather the data needed. Methods The i nstrument and method being used in gathering the necessary data. Interview.Used by the researcher to the gather the primary source of data, it also gave the researchers the opportunity to gather the list of events in Intramural. Furthermore, it gave the opportunity to clarify issues concerning the problem. Walk-in Observation. The observation was also an excellent source of data. The research decided to conduct walk-in observation at the last minute of the study since the hotel do not provide information on their corporate events. Respondents There are two respondents/source of the study: The Flyleaf Hotel and the Intramural Administration. The Flyleaf Hotel. The only hotel inside Intramural.Launched in November 2011, this boutique hotel promises a restful experience for its guests given its 5 star quality beddings, room amenities and a spacious bathroom (http://www. Tableland. Com. PH/ about-us). Intramural Administration (IA). A national government agency created on April 10, 1979 , under Presidential Decree 1616. It is tasked to restore the Walled City of Intramural and develop it into a prime urban tourist destination. Sis's objective is to make this â€Å"city within a city† socially, economically and culturally viable again while as a main center of tourist activity in the City of Manila.It is involved not only in the restoration but also in urban renewal and income generation (IA leaflet). Data Gathering The researcher gathered data from a hotel (Flyleaf Hotel) and government agency (Intramural Administration). The information from the hotel were exclusive which exulted to a walk-in observation and sampling. On the other hand, data gathering through the government agency was easier through their list and schedule of corporate events for the year 2014. The researcher also read articles and books on Corporate Events Management and other related topics to the study.The Flyleaf Hotel. On a phone interview with Ms. Marie Toleration, Sales Manager of Th e Flyleaf, they could not provide the information needed. She also said that â€Å"most of the events held at the hotel were exclusive and not open to the public†. Since the researcher id not gathered information from the hotel, it resulted to the conduct of a walk-in random sampling at the last minute Just to have the number of events in a hotel and a comparison of data. The researcher conducted a random walk-in sampling on the number of events in the hotel on August 27, 2014 (Wednesday) and August 29, 2014 (Thursday).It was found-out that there is no corporate event held in said hotel on August 27, 2014 and there were four (4) corporate events on August 28, 2014. Intramural Administration (IA). The researcher conducted interview with the Tourism Promotion Division of the IA. The IA has the authority among the public places and venues inside Intramural. All of the events within the vicinity of the Intramural is and must be approved by the IA thus the said agency has the list of the approved corporate events for the year (2014).Data Presentation and Analysis This presents the data gathered based on the information gathered from the IA and the Flyleaf Hotel in Intramural. Table 1 . Corporate Events at the Flyleaf Hotel (August 25-31, 2014) DAYS OF THE WEEK (August 25-31, 2014) No. Of corporate events (Frequency) Monday No data gathered Tuesday Wednesday Thursday 4 Saturday Sunday TOTAL Based on a two-day observation of the corporate events held at the Flyleaf Intramural, it shows that one day of the week (Wednesday) has no corporate event and on the other day of the week (Thursday) has 4 events.These events are meeting and trainings of the employees of different corporation. So, it is not open to public. Data also shows that the week of day or the schedule of the event is relative on the number of events per day. Though, it could not be concluded since it is only a two-day observation. Table 2. Corporate Event per Day of the Week in Intramural Noun 9 â⠂¬â€œ 15, 2014) DAYS OF THE WEEK (JUNE 9-15, 2014) Friday 3 Table 2 shows that data gathered from the Intramural Administration on a random sampling of a week of the year 2014, it shows that there are only three days (3) in a week with an event and each day has only one event.

The Last Of An Important Ecosystem Environmental Sciences Essay

The Hatchie River is the lone staying of course weaving, undammed and unchannelized river of the Lower Mississippi Valley in Tennessee, doing it geographically and biologically important. The river flows through both Mississippi and Tennessee before eventually emptying into the Mississippi River. Hatchie River is fed by many feeders and flows through a comparatively level flood plain. Chemically, the river faces jobs from siltation and pollutants from industry, agribusiness, and other beginnings non easy identifiable. This river ‘s ecosystem construction is as dynamic and diverse as the workss, animate beings and people that reside in or base on balls through it. This river system, particularly its bottomland hardwood woods, has many maps some of which are wildlife home ground and a biological filter for the copiousness of foods that it carries. Hatchie River is a valuable ecosystem non merely because it exists but because of its importance to scientific discipline and wildlife and is a reminder of what used to be. Though Hatchie has managed to get away channelisation and impounding itself, many of its feeders have non which has led to many concerns affecting deposit, altering land usage and chemical pollutants doing an addition in both habitat loss and hapless H2O quality.A The undermentioned information will explicate the significant importance of Hatchie River as a unique and endangered species. Snaking through parts of Mississippi and Tennessee, the Hatchie River is more than 200 stat mis long ( â€Å" The Nature Conservancy † 2013 ) . The headwaters of the Hatchie are located in Mississippi sou'-west of Corinth in Union County and flows in an unreal drainage canal which continues about to the Tennessee State line ( Diehl 2000 ) . A From that point the river flows north and west through McNairy, Hardeman, Haywood, Madison, Tipton and Lauderdale Counties in Tennessee before emptying in the Mississippi River ( Steed 2002 ) . The Tennessee part of this river flows of course and unimpeded through the Gulf Coastal Plain. A The Hatchie River lies within the Southeastern Gulf Coastal Plain ( Nabb 1996 ) . A Harmonizing to the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, the Hatchie River watershed prevarications within four ecoregions, but most of its length falls within the Northern Hilly Gulf Coastal Plains and Loess Plains ( TDEC 2009 ) . The Northern Hilly Gulf Coastal Plains are characterized by a steeper gradient and a sandier substrate than the Loess Plains which are gently turn overing with sedimentations of loess transcending 50 pess ( TDEC 2009 ) . Soils in this country are classified as Entisols and are prone to eroding and deluging due to the low alleviation and lift of the rivers class ( HNWR 2006, Steed 1979 ) .A A Though the chief channel of the Hatchie River has non undergone channelisation, many of its feeders have. Most of the river ‘s 36 feeders have been channelized and contribute important sums of deposit ( â€Å" The Nature Conservancy † 2013 ) . The hydrolog y of Hatchie River has been affected most by the changes made to its many feeders. Most of Hatchie ‘s 36 feeders have been channelized for agricultural and flood control intents ( Steed et al 2002 ) . The consequence of the increased deposit burden has led to the chief channel ‘s decrease in deepness found to be greater than three pess harmonizing to research reported by Elizabeth Nabb ( 1996 ) . As fluctuations in the bed degree of Hatchie River occur, fluctuations in the inundation happenings addition ( Nabb 1996 ) . Changes in the morphology and hydrology of this system non merely impact the river itself but the construction of the ecosystem it supports. A A A A A A A A A A A The ecosystem represented by the Hatchie River is delicate and its morphology, hydrology and chemical science are intertwined in such a manner as to do each and every portion a continuum of a mega-organism. It is impossible to discourse the rivers hydrology without besides turn toing the workss and animate beings that are dependent upon it. Because of this, as with any wetland system, the system ‘s dynamic nature can non be entirely represented by a individual species of dominant tree or bush. This river system is a combination of many classs of vegetive features while dependant on certain belongingss of the dirt and inundation governments at different degrees of lift and distance from the natural meander of Hatchie River. Studies conducted at Hatchie National Wildlife Refuge ( HNWR ) in Brownsville, Tennessee have shown that flora nowadays in an country is significantly related toA changing grades of streaking and/or gleyingA ( Steed 1979, Steed, Plyler, and Buckner 2002 ) .A In Steeds 1979 survey he indicated that forest screen can be separated into two wide types: hydroseric and mesic. The hydroseric type occurred in countries that remained saturated, sing extended anaerobiotic activity and included communities that were dominated by Tupelo Gum, Bald Cypress or Overcup oak based on increasing grades of gleying respectfully ( Steed 1979 ) . The mesonic type occurred in countries that were at times afloat but dry during the turning season and included assorted communities of Sweet gum, willow oak, cherrybark oak and many others ( Steed 1979 ) .A In add-on, in Steed ‘s joint research of 2002, he and his spouses indicated that there were definite relationships between dirts and dirt drainage categories, topography, and species of trees ( Steed et al 2002 ) . So the connexion between dirt, H2O and workss becomes evident. What of the animate beings that depend on Hatchie River for their support? A A A A A A A A A A A The Hatchie River is more than dirt, H2O and flora. This alone trace of bottomland hardwoods that one time covered huge countries of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley is home to many animals, common and rare. Volumes could be and hold been written on the many of import maps of the Hatchie River ecosystem and one would be distressed to state which is most important.A As it carries vitalizing foods down its unimpeded channel, the Hatchie deposits them all along its flood plain to organize alone dirts that are some of the richest in America. These foods create chiefly two major types of dirt, Amagon and Falayar, which are extremely productive for many species of bottomland hardwood trees, both land and aquatic workss, and are responsible for fertile croplands that are extremely prized by agribusiness. [ General dirt map Hatchie River Basin study, Tennessee and Mississippi. Writer: United States. Soil Conservation Service.Publisher: Nashville, Tenn. , 1969 ] The Hatch ie ‘s seasonal implosion therapy has for many 1000s of old ages brought life with its foods to the dirt of the flood plain, maintaining lands as fertile now as even before Native Americans foremost came to this land. Mankind and animate beings have long depended on the Hatchie ‘s being. Having birthed these exuberant home grounds all along its flow, the Hatchie provides amazing ecological benefits and services to each 1. The hardwood woods, cane interruptions, gangrenes, oxbows, boggy wetlands, and lakes it creates as it meanders are all place to pullulating life. A A major map of this system is wildlife home ground. Because of its singularity, parts of the riverine system have been preserved at both province and national degrees. Hatchie River National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Hatchie National Wildlife Refuge, John Tully Wildlife Management Area and Fort Pillow State Park have all preserved small pieces of this great river and its surrounding landscape ( Nature conservanc y Mississippi river precedence site ) . Hatchie River and its bottomland hardwood woods support many species in many systematic orders. Included in this tremendously diverse group of animate beings, several species are considered to be vulnerable, in demand of direction, threatened, or endangered. The Hatchie Burrowing Crayfish is endemic to an country of merely under 20,000 estates on a individual feeder of the Hatchie River and considered to be critically endangered ( Crandall 2010 ) . The Hatchie River and both National Wildlife Refuges have been designated as one uninterrupted IBA ( Important Bird Area ) by BirdLife International. In this country the Mississippi Kite, Cerulean Warbler, and Swainsons Warbler are species designated as In Need of Management by the province of Tennessee ( www.tnbirds.org ) . The Prothonotary Warbler is a pit squatter in afloat woods and its outstanding genteelness country is within the Mississippi Alluvial Valley ( Prothonotary Warbler Web 2013 ) .A The Swainsons warbler, listed as a high preservation concern by Partners in Flight and on the Audubon Society ‘s ticker list, has, harmonizing to the Nature Conservancy, made slightly of a rejoinder to the Hatchie River country due to the Restoration of bottomland hardwood woods ( www.tnwatchablewildlife.orgA and the Nature Conservancy ) . Migratory birds utilizing the Mississippi flyway depend on the wetlands and the natural harvests provided by the Hatchie to prolong them as they travel each twelvemonth. Many species of birds, mammals and even insects and reptilians depend on the mast produced by bottomland hardwoods along the Hatchie ‘s length. [ U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Southeast Regional Office, April 2006 hypertext transfer protocol: //digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/document/id/655/rec/13 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fws.gov/southeast/planning/PDFdocuments/HatchieFinal/Hatchie % 20Final % 20CCP.pdf ] A Hatchie River besides holds rare fish like the blue chump and northern madtom and is place to possibly more species of catfish than any other river in the north American continent ( nature.org ) . Though these species belong to different categories of taxonomy, they all have in common the loss of home ground whether it be in the H2O or in the trees or someplace in between. Hatchie Rivers map as wildlife home ground is valuable to these and many other species. That value does non stop with wildlife but continues on to all of those that appreciate in one signifier or another the rareness of the wildlife and the conglobation that is the Hatchie River wetland system. A A A A A A A A A A A What other valuable maps does the Hatchie River perform and how are the benefits realized? Wetlands hold H2O that from extra rain or possibly snowmelt in some countries and so easy let go of it to rivers and watercourses. A Hatchie River serves this map. However, the feeders that drain into the Hatchie have been channelized, there wetland-type countries have been destroyed ensuing in increased H2O speed through those feeders. The consequence is eroding of those stream Bankss which increases the sum of deposit they carry as they enter the chief channel of the Hatchie River. As clip base on ballss, increased siltation produces shoals and in utmost instances valley stoppers ( Diehl 2000 ) . While both of these consequences in altered hydrology of the wetland system, vale stoppers are much more damaging to the bottomland hardwood woods and the river itself. A vale stopper occurs when heavy deposit fills the river channel coercing back-filling across the inundation f ield until a new river channel is realized harmonizing to Diehl mentioning work by Stafford C. Happ in 1975 ( 2000 ) . Harmonizing to Diehl, without control of highland eroding, Hatchie ‘s flood plain may stop up a fen and a topographic point where hardwoods can non last. Wetlands have varied and legion maps. They purify H2O as it moves through the inundation fields and as this slow motion occurs some of the extra H2O percolates through to the aquifer, reloading it. Many countries depend on this map to provide their citizens with clean imbibing H2O. The filtration of H2O through the inundation plains helps to take drosss such as chemical toxins and extra deposit and in some countries wetlands are developed for that exclusive intent. Some chemicals are taken up by certain wetland workss, efficaciously taking them from the H2O and at the same clip the above-ground parts of these workss assistance in pin downing larger atoms. The Hatchie besides creates many types of recreational , fishing, and runing chances as it flows to the Mississippi. Because of its entreaty to migratory birds, duck huntsmans are drawn to the Hatchie ‘s wetlands, fishermen come to partake of the many assortments found in its Waterss, cervid and Meleagris gallopavo huntsmans vie for lands along the Hatchie. Hunters and fishermen, every bit good as leghorns, campers, tramps, bird spectators and nature lovers all flock to the Hatchie, making incomes for those who portion in supplying all these Hatchie visitants with entree. The Hatchie provides rich dirts in which local husbandmans raise bumper harvests, cognizing about anything can be good grown in Hatchie dirts. Farm/food animate beings can be grazed on both deep-rooted harvests, natural grasses and hardwood masts. The Hatchie maps as a supplier to worlds, wild and domestic animate beings, aquatic life, birds, reptilians, insects, trees, and workss, and even industry. A A A A A A A A A A A Although the Hatchie has flowed freely and infinitely for 1000s of old ages, it is non without menaces and jobs. The steady rise in deposit from its feeders and from agribusiness, of all time increasing contaminations, altered flow, every bit good as atomization of home grounds and loss of woods are all endangering the very life of the Hatchie. Heavy sediment tonss flow into the Hatchie from most of the river ‘s 36 feeders. It is this implosion therapy that has brought life in the signifier of foods to the dirt of the flood plain, sing it remains as fertile today as it has been for a thousand old ages, even before the yearss when Native Americans first began populating off this land. However, it is this really implosion therapy that has caused the human population to make inundation control undertakings, convert bottomlands to farms and spread out urban development. The invasion of civilisation has eliminated many full ecosystems in American history, and t he Hatchie is susceptible to the same destiny without sound direction and attention. In the past century, upseting wetland losingss have occurred in the Hatchie wetlands of the Lower Mississippi Valley.A [ hypertext transfer protocol: //designpathmedia.com/twrf/Conservation.cfm? uid=12092520112677465 Tennesse Wildlife Resources Foundation ( TWRF ) ] Hardwood woods have been reduced to 20 % of what they one time were.A Loss of wetlands narrows the cistron pools for migratory birds as some no longer happen ground to halt along the Hatchie to feed or engender ( Bonney et al. , 2000 ) . Chemical contaminations from industry, agribusiness and assorted other beginnings are another job faced by this river. Chemical contaminations were found in the H2O, deposits, and fish of the Hatchie River and included: Organochlorine pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and CUPs ( current-use pesticides ) which include weedkillers like 2,4 D and pesticides like Malathion ( HNWR ) . Mercury was besides detected and like the others was found to be within safe bounds ( HNWR ) .The Hatchie is losing cherished life as a consequence of these major impacts and has seen species of the Lower Mississippi Valley going earnestly threatened, endangered, or nonextant. Already the ruddy wolf and jaguar are gone, and the ivory-bi lledA peckerwood and three warblers that called the Hatchie place are now either critically endangered or genuinely extinct.A It may non be excessively late to change by reversal these jeopardies to the life of the Hatchie, but it will necessitate major preservation attempts, land and H2O direction with these rich home grounds uppermost in head, and better stewardship of this beautiful, rare hoarded wealth that is the Hatchie River and its home grounds. The Hatchie provides all who make usage of its presence with so many vitalizing maps that it deserves our protection to maintain it fluxing free and clean. A A A A A A A A A A A Protecting Hatchie River can non be accomplished by a individual entity or organisation. The continuity of this great wetland system will depend on continued partnerships between organisations of local, province and federal degrees every bit good as private land proprietors, husbandmans and users of the out-of-door infinite provided by Hatchie River. The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Water Pollution Control adopted what is calledA the watershed attack to H2O quality and preservation ( Lower Hatchie ) . This attack has brought partnerships on many degrees. The Natural Resources Conservation Service, the United States Geological Survey, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U. S. Army Corp of Engineers are involved on a federal degree harmonizing to the National Wildlife Refuges preservation programs. Federal partnerships provide changing services that enhance eroding control, wildlife direction, preservation attempts, plan ning, planing, building and runing high quality and moderately priced civil plants H2O resource undertakings, care of river navigability, monitoring of inundations and drouths, roll uping extended scientific information, and offering a broad assortment of federally-funded undertakings that conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and workss and their home grounds, every bit good as, advice to other bureaus and organisations. A On the province degree, TDEC Division of Water Supply, the State Revolving Fund, the Tennessee Department of Agriculture, West Tennessee River Basin Authority, and Mississippi Department of Environmental QualityA A service to assist forestall H2O pollution, supply low-interest loans to metropoliss and counties for effluent intervention, offer grant plans to better H2O quality and educate the populace, aid continue the natural flow of the Hatchie by bettering impaired feeders or job countries in the Hatchie itself, and supply monitoring and informations t o province bureaus. On the local degree, Friends of West Tennessee Refuges, The Nature Conservancy, the Hatchie River Conservancy, The Chickasaw-Shiloh Resource Conservation and Development Council and The Friend of the Hatchie organisation and others provide voluntaries, fundraising, and educational plans to acquire the local populace involved in stewardship of all of the Hatchie ‘s home grounds. Some of the local spouses have invested in multimillion dollar plans to better H2O quality and halt eroding and to buy lands for saving of bottomlands and wetlands. A A A A A A A A A A A The maps and values of the Hatchie River are countless and unreplaceable, doing the Hatchie cherished by many. Its hydrogeomorphology makes it exceeding as one of a really few natural ecosystems left in America. Though Hatchie River is a wetland system, it is more than a individual home ground. It is a apogee of many that are so closely interlacing as to be identical from each other. Its uniqueness provides home grounds for animate beings that, in some cases, can be found nowhere else. Many obstructions must be overcome in order to continue what remains. Siltation, habitat loss and pollution are elephantine hurdlings but non unsurmountable if bureaus, organisations and the citizens combine forces to continue this invaluable gem of West Tennessee.

Planned Community at Lake Saddleback Essays

Planned Community at Lake Saddleback Essays Planned Community at Lake Saddleback Essay Planned Community at Lake Saddleback Essay In this case its highly important to make the right decisions from the start. As I see it there are two possible ways to deal with this situation. Firstly (1), the project manager claims to have all the relevant information to handle the planning. If that is the case then he could simply put the plan together himself and then implement it. For this to be the most effective way the manager truly has to have all the relative information but also he has to have the respect and confidence of his subordinates to make a proper plan since they seem just as eager to finish on time as he does. Secondly (2), the manager could see the workers enthusiasm as a possibility for the making of good solutions and ideas. With that in mind the manager could decide to make the planning into a group effort, drawing from the ingenuity and knowledge of his staff. For this to be the most effective way, the manager has to have faith in the ability of his subordinateIn this case the manager is asking his subordinates to undertake a project under unusual and possibly difficult circumstances. As this consultancy firm is most likely based in the western world, the manager is asking his people to leave their comfort zones to conduct their business in a far-away land. It would be in his, the projects and the firms best interest to go with a group effort in order to find suitable candidates for this trip. In this way those who do not want to go are not forced and those with a special interest in the project are not shunned. The manager gets his since his team will consist only of people of interest and dedication whom wanted to be there in the first place; the project benefits since its getting the best possible manpower (given that enthusiastic people work harder) and finally the firm is better off since this way of manning the team left no damage to morale. With different cases it is normal to reach different conclusions as to how its best to solve a particular problem. With the first case the problem was a simple one; theres no fuss, just take an executive decision and run with it. Any time spent on consulting the staff would have been a waste since their opinions were spread and a solid conclusion would have been hard to come by. In the other two cases things got a bit more difficult. There you had big decision that demanded accuracy and good thinking. As described in case 2, any decision taken was depended on something else, whether it was the workers faith in their manager or the managers faith in his workers. These variables give room for at least two different ways of plan-making. With the third case, a hint of logic told you that working as a group would create a venue for those interested to volunteer and for others to back off. Rather than making the decision for them (and given that they all have similar attributes) this was the diplomatic way which left no toes trampled. These cases differ in scale; one being tiny and insignificant while two of them are big and important. What the outcome maybe tells us is that when dealing with bigger, tougher to handle tasks it is less likely that you have all the info and, subsequently, all the answers. When that is the case it is usually a wiser strategy to consult co-workers, subordinates, bosses, specialists etc. In those lighter cases where consulting has no value adding purpose and mostly just wastes time, it may be better to simply grab the torch and run with it.

Outline the principle strengths and weaknesses of accounting and business research. The WritePass Journal

Outline the principle strengths and weaknesses of accounting and business research. Abstract: Outline the principle strengths and weaknesses of accounting and business research. Abstract:Introduction:Research method:  Case I company:Case I data:Case II company:Case II data:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Method used:        Ã‚  Case IFirst phase:Second phase:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case IIStrengths:Weaknesses:References:  Related Abstract: This project/essay is broadly based on a research article â€Å"The management of accounting number: case study evidence from the crash of an airline† by Ann Jorissen and David Otiey (2009 publishing date) and â€Å"Earnings quality in ex-post failed firms† by Juan Manuel Garcà ­a Lara, Beatriz Garcà ­a Osma and Evi Neophytou (December 2008 publishing date). Main body is mostly concentrated on the research methods used and the strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches and the methodologies used by the researchers in these empirical papers. Introduction: The empirical papers which I have chosen for â€Å"accounting and business research† have done research on an â€Å"airline company† {Case I} and â€Å"bankrupt firms† {Case II} and they have conducted several interview, used multi-theory method (upper-echelons, power-circulation strategic choice) and sampling method many models to justify there research respectively. Research method:   Case I company:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The researchers had selected SA irgroup (former Swiss Air) as there case company to study process and mechanism triggering to manipulation of accounting numbers. Case I data:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Interview of different ex-employees was conducted and different categories of archival data were used by researchers like: i.  Bonus and stock option plan SA ir-Executives 1997-2000; ii. Bonus and stock option plan Sabena Executives 1999-2000: etc was used. Case II company: The researchers selected a junk of companies of UK by sampling method which had gone bankrupt and had data available in FAME entering bankruptcy 1998-2204 or continuing firms which had full data available in FAME 1995-2004. Case II data:   Ã‚  The data used by researchers was taken from the FAME.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Method used:         Ã‚  Case I   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  They analyzed data in two phases wherein embedded design was employed which implied multiple levels of analysis (Eisenhardt, 1989). They had adopted interview method for there research but also included archival data. There research was based on both accounting as well as management perspective. First phase: In the first stage they arranged data in chronological order and reviewed all internal and external data available. Herein they analyzed data in directionality of the relationships assumed in traditional accounting research. They used a multiple case approach by considering each investment of the SA irgroup in a foreign airline. Each case they analyzed served to confirm inferences drawn from the analysis of the choices made in relation to the SA irgroups first investment in Sabena (Yin, 2003). The collection of data on all accounting and real choices with regard to all events and transactions would involve an immense amount of data so they used â€Å"disaggregated approach†. Second phase:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The analysis in second phase is based on theories like upper-echelons, strategic choice and power circulation. Then by combining results of the both phases they could explain more about the directionality between the different variables, one employed in financial misrepresentation and the other employed to create the necessary discretion to engage in managing accounting numbers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case II In the first stage they collected all data they needed for the research via sampling method and then they used â€Å"working capital version† model of Jones (1991). They used this model first because research had indicated that management had more discretion over current accruals and moreover manipulation of long-term accruals such as depreciation was unlikely due to their high visibility low flexibility (Becker et al 1998; Young, 1999). After working capital version model they used â€Å"modified jones model† which works on the assumption that revenues are not discretionary i.e. the model disregards that managers also engage in real activities manipulation. The next model which they have used was â€Å"Kasznik model† (1999). The model incorporates the change in operating cash flow as an explanatory variable to account for the negative correlation between accruals and cash flows. The formula to obtain a measure of abnormal working capital according to Kasznik model is as under: Where, WCA is working capital accruals, ΔREV is change in sales, ΔCFO is change in cash flow from operations and TA are total assets, and t is the time period indicator. Next, for each firm, we calculate abnormal working capital accruals (AWCA) as follows: Where, à ¢0,à ¢1 andà ¢2 are the fitted industry-coefficients from equation. After Kasznik model they used Chariton et.al (2004) model to calculate the ex-ante one-year-ahead probability of bankruptcy of all failed firms. The formula what they used to calculate it is as under: Where, Pjt (Y = 1) is the probability of failure for entity j at the end of year t. The next model they used was of Roychowdhury (2006) Ball and Shiva kumar (2005). The earlier model was used to analyze the existence of real activities manipulation. Herein was focus was on sales manipulation. The later model was used to measure the different recognition speed of economics gains and losses in earnings by using time series accruals based measures of conditional conservatism. Strengths:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case I  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case II   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   i.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion of both perspective i.e. accounting management (multiple methods) helped them for understanding the process of financial misrepresentation while as previous studies used accounting perspective only which couldn’t give much clarifications of the process.   Ã‚  Ã‚   ii.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This multi-theory perspective allowed them to discover various additional elements of discretion on top of the variables used in the extant literature.   iii.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to me face-to-face interviews as conducted by the researchers is that the answer of the interviewee is more spontaneous, without any extended reflection and manipulation.   iv.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This disaggregated approach has the potential advantage of yielding precise, directional predictions based on the researches understanding and Analysis of how decision-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   makers trade off the incentives associated with the accounting object of the study (Francis, 2001).   Ã‚  Ã‚   v.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The biggest advantage what these researchers had was having access to group’s internal information which helped a lot in carrying out there researches and justifying there conclusions. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚     Jones working capital modified model could analyze a proxy for manipulation capturing only pure accounting manipulation a proxy that pools together accounting and real activities manipulation.b)  Ã‚   By using UK sample they were advantageous as the insolvency code are allowed for a wider definition of bankruptcy, with different implications, than in the US (Franks et al 1996; Bradbury, 2007). c)  Ã‚  Ã‚   The best part of sampling method is that it is straightforward and probably the simplest method and is usually unbiased. d)  Ã‚   There access to FAME database and deriving data regarding bankrupt companies made an ease in making assessment of these and setting up there research. e)  Ã‚  Ã‚     Since the researchers have selected or used purposive sampling wherein probability of getting astray is minimum and variance is low in this case of sampling.    Weaknesses:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case I   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Case II Interview is a complex and demanding technique (Frey Oishi 1995:02 ) An unusual degree of trust is likely to lead to willingness on the part of the subjects to answer the questions carefully and with validity. This is especially advantageous when the questions are of a sensitive nature (Lull 1990:53). Personal bias may b involved in interview method or understanding factor may become hindrance. According to me data taken by the researchers was too big in size so accuracy of the result was at stake. Sampling method can lead to the consequences of redundancy and thus hampering the accuracy of the result. Using data from data base is complex method and time consuming.    Impact of methodology on my dissertation: The methods used by the researchers to conduct there research i.e. â€Å"sampling† and â€Å"interview† and then applying different models and methodologies to derive the results or elaborate there research gave a perfect insight as to how a research should be conducted and then concluded. But I would like to go for â€Å"interview†, â€Å"available public information† and â€Å"questionnaire† method for my dissertation in coming months which would be on â€Å"Development in Banking sector in Kashmir† most probably. According to me interview method of collecting information is one of the best as the interviewee has very less time to respond and cannot manipulate answers so quickly in his brain and moreover interview method can help in extracting much internal information if the interviewer has those tactics and attitude of extracting as much information as possible. The questionnaire method gives an insight regarding what people or what the s ubject think about the given topic or question, it is one of the easiest methods and helps in figuring out the situation or the subject opinion from there point of view and this method would be the most important for my dissertation. Excess to public information and internal information will give positiveness to the dissertation because sometimes these information’s contain very important elements which throw light on various aspects which one researcher is looking for. I would try to rectify all disadvantages of the methods and apply then on my dissertation. References:   â€Å"Basic statistics for business and economics† by Paul G Hoel and Raymond J. jessen Ball, R. and Shivakumar L. (2005). ‘Earnings quality in UK private firms: comparative loss recognition timeliness’. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39(1):83–128. â€Å"Elementary business statistics: the modern approach† by Freud and Williams â€Å"Earnings quality in ex-post failed firms† by Juan Manuel Garcà ­a Lara, Beatriz Garcà ­a Osma and Evi Neophytou (2008) http://ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk:3114/eds/detail?hid=22sid=2644bf2b-4378-4ae6-bb5f-e0d067d1ee89%40sessionmgr12vid=1bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#db=buhAN=39883573 Frey Oishi (1995:02) â€Å" how to conduct interviews by telephone in person† aber.ac.uk/media/students/aeo9702.html Jones, J. J. (1991). ‘Earnings management during import relief investigations’. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(2): 193–228. Lull, James (1990) â€Å" Inside family viewing†; London Routledge Roychowdhury, S. (2006). â€Å"Management of earnings through the manipulation of real activities that affect cash flow from operations† Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42(3): 335–370. â€Å"The management of accounting number: case study evidence from the crash of an airline† by Ann Jorissen and David Otiey (2009) http://ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk:3114/eds/detail?hid=22sid=1db6a896-b761-43fb-8f14-c493473c5b2f%40sessionmgr15vid=1bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#db=buhAN=48633863

Unusual Things to Do for Christmas

Unusual Things to Do for Christmas When you come home for Christmas break this year, bring some creative ideas with you. If you’re tired of celebrating things the same way year in and year out, make some suggestions for how to shake things up at your house this holiday. Whether it’s celebrating in a new destination or drastically changing the menu, there are lots of ways to make this Christmas different from any other. If you don’t have any ideas that strike you, take some inspiration from this list: Volunteer Christmas isn’t a day of sharing gifts and feasting for many people. People without homes or families are in need of care during the holidays and volunteering for a soup kitchen or spending time with elderly people in a retirement home can make a huge difference in someone’s life. Youll be surprised how many benefits volunteering can bring you. Go Camping Get away from all the commercialized expectations of Christmas and grab your tent and head out into the woods. Warming up by the fire and sleeping under the stars can be a refreshing change from Christmas party mayhem. Get Out of Town Go a step further and check out altogether by celebrating Christmas somewhere else this year. Whether it’s in a foreign country, or someplace warm like a tropical beach or just someplace different, it can certainly be an alternative to the usual Christmas routine. Celebrate Christmas Traditions From Around the World Make a pià ±ata and fill it with coins and candy like in Mexico. In Ukraine, a twelve-course meal is served and the family’s youngest child sits by the window to watch for the first star to appear in the sky, signaling that it’s time to eat. Or dust off the snow and fire up the barbeque Australian style. Or do everything by candlelight for the entire day like in traditional Swedish lore. Do you want to know more about other Christmas traditions? Check out the blog on interesting facts about Christmas. Some of them will really surprise you! Fast for the Day Most Christmas celebrations involve eating a lot of food and drinking a lot of alcohol. Whether you want to avoid packing on the pounds or simply don’t wish to participate in the gluttony, fasting on Christmas would certainly be a departure from the norm. Put on a Christmas Play Get your family members together and put on a play. Maybe it will be based on an existing play or film like A Christmas Carol or It’s a Wonderful Life or A Charlie Brown Christmas or How the Grinch Stole Christmas. Or maybe you’ll make up your own play that’s totally unique. In any case, it can be a fun and creative way to get into the festivities. You can invite other family members, friends and neighbors to come and watch. Decorate Your Car If you think that decorating Christmas trees is too boring, put some tinsel and lights on your car so you can spread Christmas cheer even if you’re just driving to the gas station to buy coffee creamer. However, you can make an unusual Christmas tree instead. Bring a Guest If you have a friend from school who doesn’t have a place to celebrate Christmas this year, bring them home with you and share your family traditions with them. Rent a Horse-Drawn Sleigh Depending on where you live, you might be able to rent one of these for the day and get taken around a park. Don’t forget to bring some carrots for the horse. Plant a Tree This can be a great way to celebrate and spend time together as a family. Also, you’ll enjoy the fruits of it in the years to come. If it’s a fruit-bearing tree, save some of them during the year and use it to make a pie to eat on Christmas day to commemorate the day you planted it. Go Vegan Whether or not you’re actually a vegan, it can be a creative way to celebrate this year. Look up some vegan entree and dessert recipes and get your meat-eating father to participate in making it with you. If you get tired from the same scenario of celebrating Christmas but you still want to party, here youll find funny party themes for Christmas that you might actually like. Enjoy a unique Christmas this year with some of these fun and unorthodox ways to celebrate!

The Medici Collection and The Louvre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Medici Collection and The Louvre - Essay Example al languages have essentially three component parts, one of which is the direct use of signs and symbols in the form of objects and space while the other two, non-verbal communication such as gestures and body language and verbal communication such as speech and writing, can also be preserved somewhat in the objects that are left behind and can help in determining the culture from which the object originated. Because objects share a role in the interrelated social communication modes of a particular society, the interpretation of these objects may differ from one society to the next or even one time period to the next. The way in which it is interpreted can not only provide significant contextual clues to the society from which it was produced, but can also reflect the understanding of the society attempting to place the object within its correct contextual space. In addition, that exact same object, for example a specific vase, may take on different contextual meanings as it passes through time, originally used as a container for liquid, later taking on the ashes of a dearly departed relative and finally symbolizing perhaps a golden age in the progression of a nation. â€Å"[An object] can never convey one single message, uncorrected, unambiguous and unqualified. Different social perceptions, needs and changing attitudes will see to that.†2 The nature of the collection and the context in which the museum or collection places its artwork for display to the public can thus have a significant effect upon the interpretation and perceived value of the work. These ideas can be seen when comparing the extensive collection of a museum such as the Louvre to the eclectic and less organized Medici Collection. Until relatively recently, the concept of art museums in which great works of artistic merit were held in the name of the public trust was a foreign idea. However, the concept of collecting art as a means of personal gratification, cultural enrichment and

Questionnaire design exercise, Learning journal based on 4 lectures Essay

Questionnaire design exercise, Learning journal based on 4 lectures and a report on debate - Essay Example Disagree 3. Undecided 4. Agree 5. Strongly 4. Release of new Champion skins attracts me more to the game? 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Undecided 4. Agree 5. Strongly 5. The option of buying Riot Points is great because I can play even without gaining enough Riot Points. 1. Strongly Disagree 2. Disagree 3. Undecided 4. Agree 5. Strongly Agree 6. I buy Riot Points more often than I play up the levels. 1. Yes 2. No 7. If you buy the points more often, explain why? 1. I do not like to play for long to get points. 2. I do not get the time to play very often. 3. I am a beginner, so I have bought the Riot Points for the first time. 8. I play only when Riot Points are distributed free. 1. Yes 2. No 9. Are you a fan of the Face book page of the League of Legends? 1. Yes 2. No 10. Have you watched the League of Legends 2012? 1. Yes 2. No 11. Have you watched the You tube videos of League of Legends 2012? 1. Yes 2. No 12. Do you have League of Legends costume? 1. Yes 2. No 13. If yes, ho w did you get it? 1. Bought it 2. Got as a gift 3. I do not have the costume 14. If you have the costume you like using it because 1. I like to flaunt it in front of my friends. 2. I look like an avid player of League of Legends. 3. I like the get up and appearance of the costume. 4. All of the above. 5. I have the costume but do not use it much. 6. I do not have the costume. 15. Which is the best champion you have played? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16. What feature of the champion do you like best? Please explain why. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Power point Presentation summary PPT 1. Week 9 Critical thinking and deve loping scholarly argument The world is changing very fast. These changes hold profound implications on our lives, particularly on our thinking and learning (Paul, Paul & Elder, 2002, p.1). The meaning of the term ‘critical thinking’ might be understood as ‘discerning judgment based on standards’. As Moon says it, â€Å"Critical thinking is ‘thoughtful’ thinking† (Moon, 2012, p. 20). It makes a person present a point of view as a structured argument from which a conclusion can be drawn. It is important to be able to make a critical thinking as it helps in reading the underlying logic in someone’s point of view. It would be of immense help in the workplace. A clear conception eases out many complex situations which are caused on the ground of false premises. Critical thinking would lead to building alternative logical explanation for a cause thereby helping in validation or rejection of an argument on solid grounds. PPT 2. Week 10 T echniques for critical reading Critical reading of any article helps us â€Å"assess the value of the work it reports† (Wallace & Wray, 2011, p. 4). Although academic writing is generally much benign, readers should look out for hidden layers in an academic text. By making a critical reading of a text one should be able to understand what a text means and how a text works by analyzing the information, interpreting the knowledge received and evaluating the inference drawn. Before reading the article one has to follow two steps, survey and questions; firstly, to look over the whole article, check the major heading and sub-headings and read the introduction and summary closely. Secondly, one should note down the main points that

Expansion of the Atlantic World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expansion of the Atlantic World - Essay Example One of the leading factors that led to the expansion of the Atlantic world was the interest of European entrepreneurs to establish colonies in the new world. Majority of the merchants were moving to new regions seeking to establish colonies that would concentrate on agricultural production. These merchants had seen the benefits of growing sugar in neighboring islands. Sugar plantations on these islands were proving very productive. They were zealously seeking new regions to establish sugar plantations. The triangle travel in the Atlantic sea seemed to favor their intents because it allowed them to move to new regions expanding the new world. Sugar was the most significant crop in the Atlantic world. More merchants needed to venture into growing of sugar after witnessing its potential economic benefits. It is worth noting that the drive to establish colonies came because of the introduction of capitalism. The theory and practice of capitalism was a new thing that drove majority of the merchants to seek every opportunity of being able to establish an economic centre. The rise of mercantilism thinking brought about the idea of capitalism (Evans and Ryden 222). Capitalism emphasized the process of increasing wealth for each nation through economic colonies. The drive to establish capitalism was strong as it translated to power in the European setting. Nations that established more colonies were powerful than those who did not venture into expansion. Each of the nations struggled to establish new nod different trade opportunities in order to increase the national total wealth and power. Even when they moved to new regions, European nations embarked on a vigorous scramble for new territories. It is in this venture that the Europeans established colonies in America. In addition, slave system is one of the crucial factors that hastened the pace at which the Atlantic world expanded (Searing 27). With increasing demand for labor, the Europeans initiated a salve trade tha t provided cheap and continuous labor in most of the American colonies. Slave trade helped most of the colonies succeed increasing the flow of goods in most of the established colonies. Shipping of colonies was from Africa to the American colonies. Slaves formed part of the triangle trade that exported raw materials from America to Europe. The Europeans, driven by the capitalist expansion indulged in manufacturing of goods. These goods targeted the market in Africa. Shipping of slaves occurred from Africa to America to work in the colony plantations (Evans and Ryden 25) Religion was another factor that led to the expansion of the Atlantic world. there was a religious revolution in Europe that led to the oppression of the adherents of some religions. On moving to new regions, they found new economic ventures. Some moved to establish new religious converts to the new world but indulged in trade later. Some of those motivated by religious factors also caught up with the capitalism spir it. The religious revolution was an opposition of the powers of the archbishop in Europe at the time. In the spirit of creation of new economic ventures, European settlers reached North America in 1620s (Mancall 20). After their arrival, they set out to establish colonies in the region. The first of these settlers arriving at Plymouth were Protestants. These endured hardships in North America and their persistence attracted other settlers to start

Business research week 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business research week 3 - Assignment Example paper would confirm that the organizational innovation that would favor the development of technological innovation capabilities that both of the services including the technological and organizational capabilities meant for the processes and products can lead to some superior performance of a firm (Camisà ³n & Villar-Là ³pez, 2014). The research was financially supported by the research funding especially from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. It also gained some funding from the Conselleria de Education in the coast of Generalitat Valenciana. The paper aimed at progressive examination of the firm in question based on the information technology employed within the firm. The two channels of the innovation help in the application of the major themes and try to explain the interrelationship between the two major factors used in the firm. The paper utilized a case study that had multiple methods and then ended up studying the activities related to the innovation process in the firm. It is quite apparent that different aspects of the IT capability to indeed affect an organization’s ability to influence and innovate several processes in the firm (Camisà ³n & Villar-Là ³pez, 2014). It has done this by identifying the exact areas to be studied and offering further recommendation to be carried out in the whole process. This article seeks to underscore the issues linked to the significance of IT in the business setup. IT is the enabler of innovation in most organizations or firms. Most leaders in the innovation sector tend to offer very distinct and separate perspectives employed in the overall use of technology and communication in the final end. Most of the leaders have been battling with the IT organizations in their fixation and the automating services in the entire system of the firm. IT can be seen as the anathema to the act of creativity and the barrier to some form of innovation in the firm (Atashi & Abdolpour, 2012). The paper mainly aims at the

Comprehensive Study Of The Major Asset Classes Essay

Comprehensive Study Of The Major Asset Classes - Essay Example Before anyone even thinks about buying any stock thoughts need to include an investment strategy that fits your life, your personality and your risk absorption. Up front, what can you afford to lose? There are differing methods of trading stocks or any asset in the market. While some might consider it a game, when your money is on the line, it’s not a game. Before you begin its best to paper trade (trading on paper without actually investing any money or a mock scenario) for a while until you are consistently making money through whatever strategy you choose. When your actual money is on the line, you will be dealing with your own emotions of fear and greed. The following information delves into more detail of the procedure of buying any financial market asset, different types of stocks, equities and mutual funds. It also includes some of the advantages and disadvantages of the differing types. How to Proceed Trading can be done through a bank, a broker or online trading. Onli ne trading has become very popular because of its convenience. Any investment has to be backed by an account that contains monetary funds. It depends on the bank or brokerage firm as to what the minimum deposit will be for opening a new account. The amount usually ranges from $500 to $2000. However, if you prefer to use online trading as an intraday trader, you would need a minimum of $25,000. An intraday trader buys and sells stocks repeatedly during the day. You will need to fill out forms with the brokerage firm and make a deposit into an account opened with them. Most brokerage firms furnish their own software for trading online; however, there are independent companies that provide online trading software. When you buy you can choose a market or limit order. The market order is purchased at whatever is the current price. The limit order is placed at a price you choose. It’s especially helpful to shop around for brokers and banks because they all have their own set of rul es, and fees. Purchasing Stocks Exactly what is a stock? When you buy stock in any company, you actually own part of that company. If the company does well, so will your stock. If the company does poorly, so will your stock. A stock is not diversified, so this can be seen as a disadvantage. Placing money into one stock can limit your options. You can reduce your risk somewhat by investing in larger more solid companies. Stocks can be purchased anytime through your broker, bank, or online. Online is the most desirable way to purchase stocks because it is convenient, quick, and very accessible. One very favorable advantage to stocks is they are very liquid; meaning you can convert them to cash very easily by selling them anytime. The average person is normally not very good at picking excellent performing stocks. All stocks have ups and downs and it usually takes a professional or an experienced trader to recognize the fluctuations in certain stocks and sectors. The easiest way is to pick stocks that you like or products that you use and would like to own. A good starting point would be to pick from 10 to 15 on average. Examples could include whatever you like in the way of foods, clothing, etc. such as Gap or Abercrombie. Just because it’s a popular brand does not mean the stock will do well. A deeper probe into the history of the stock, the company, and the fluctuations will

Business research week 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business research week 3 - Assignment Example paper would confirm that the organizational innovation that would favor the development of technological innovation capabilities that both of the services including the technological and organizational capabilities meant for the processes and products can lead to some superior performance of a firm (Camisà ³n & Villar-Là ³pez, 2014). The research was financially supported by the research funding especially from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. It also gained some funding from the Conselleria de Education in the coast of Generalitat Valenciana. The paper aimed at progressive examination of the firm in question based on the information technology employed within the firm. The two channels of the innovation help in the application of the major themes and try to explain the interrelationship between the two major factors used in the firm. The paper utilized a case study that had multiple methods and then ended up studying the activities related to the innovation process in the firm. It is quite apparent that different aspects of the IT capability to indeed affect an organization’s ability to influence and innovate several processes in the firm (Camisà ³n & Villar-Là ³pez, 2014). It has done this by identifying the exact areas to be studied and offering further recommendation to be carried out in the whole process. This article seeks to underscore the issues linked to the significance of IT in the business setup. IT is the enabler of innovation in most organizations or firms. Most leaders in the innovation sector tend to offer very distinct and separate perspectives employed in the overall use of technology and communication in the final end. Most of the leaders have been battling with the IT organizations in their fixation and the automating services in the entire system of the firm. IT can be seen as the anathema to the act of creativity and the barrier to some form of innovation in the firm (Atashi & Abdolpour, 2012). The paper mainly aims at the

Police science (LCN) La cosa Nostra (the MOB) paper Essay

Police science (LCN) La cosa Nostra (the MOB) paper - Essay Example The influence of this syndicate is so strong that it has not been overcome yet. In many cities of the United States of America several criminal organizations pay tax to La Cosa Nostra, so that they can easily be able to do their own criminal activities. With the help of dummy firms the organization controls many businesses including textiles, food and garbage business. Organized Crime is a self perpetuating and continuing conspiracy used by groups that are hierarchical. The organized crime groups maintain their status with the help of violence and corruption of public officials.(Albini, 1997) These groups have extended their criminal activities into areas such as technological espionage, smuggling of drugs and the financial market manipulation. The greatest organized criminal threat to the American people is from La Coas Nostra. There are four Italian organized crime groups behind LCN, active in the U.S.A. are the Sicilian Mafia, Sacra Corona Unita, Ndrangheta and Camorra. In 1960's the members of these organized crime groups migrated to America and linked themselves with the LCN. (Jeffers, 2002) They got the permission of doing heroin trade in the country. Since then they became a part of the criminal operations of La Cosa Nostra. The major threat to the United States of America posed by organized crime groups which centers around their money laundering and drug trafficking activities. The Italian Organized Crime groups cooperate regularly with other international OC groups in many criminal activities. Their links extend to Asia, parts of Europe, North America, South America and Australia. These groups have been active in heroin trade for years and they were the early importers of drugs into the country. These groups are also collaborated with the drug cartels of Colombia. Evolution of La Cosa Nostra The Mafia has transformed itself according to the requirements and conditions of contemporary society. Since the 1980s, it has transformed itself into a hierarchical organization. This has been done to improve efficiency and effectiveness of various criminal enterprises. (Downey, 2004) The rapid proliferation of narcotics in the 1980s and 1990s was attributed towards the creation of a new Mafia model. La Cosa Nostra has developed extensive relationships and networks with other organized criminal groups. This helps criminal enterprises to coordinate and integrate their efforts. It also prevents the detection of criminal activity by law enforcement agencies. (Porello, 2006) Thus the La Cost Nostra can harmonize its efforts in the multifaceted distribution of manual labor which is required to execute complex criminal initiatives and endeavors. Also in the current decade, the Mafia has moved into cyberspace. This is because the Internet offers an endless stream of criminal opportunities. The anonymity and ease of cyberspace provides a convenient ground to engage in intricate criminal activities. The exchange of information and knowledge has been made easy due to the advent of the Internet. Identity threat, fraudulent activities, and scams can easily be employed using the Internet. Future of La Cosa Nostra Globalization and information technology have been powerful social and economic trends that have revolutionized human society. The future of the La Cosa Nostra will

Hound of the Baskerville Essay Example for Free

Hound of the Baskerville Essay In this gothic novel, logic and supernatural collide a lot of times over the course of the story. Logic is something that can be explained using facts and also by finding the cause and effects to prove something. Mean while on the other hand Supernatural is something beyond human powers. In the Hound of the Baskervilles logic is used when Sherlock Holmes it trying to explain something. The longer one stays here the more does the spirit sink into ones soul, its vastness and also its grim charm. The moor is isolated and is seen as gothic because of its location. It is set in a deserted place which at night looks as If with no sign of life, but during the day it is not. The deserted houses also help to create tension as well as the idea of a hound loose on the moors. Baskerville Hall is a big mansion located in an isolated area surrounded with land and individual passages. This helps to create suspense because the characters as well as the audience are taken into a dark, mysterious and unknown place. The story of the novel is that there is a convict on the loose, who is controlling a vicious hound. Sir Charles Baskerville is the first victim of the hound. He dies a suspicion death. So Doctor Barrymoore calls Sherlock Holmes, a police detective, who uses only logic to explain things. The Hound is found and killed and Stapleton is found and arrested. Dr Mortimer has to use logic in his works, but believes in the hound. Sherlock Holmes Uses logic to explain things. Sherlock Holmes often comes with conclusions through past experiences. Throughout the novel supernatural and logic collide. This is because at the time the novel was written society believed in the idea of supernatural and because there is a black hound in the novel people view it as being viscous because if something is black then it is perceived as evil, dangerous and harmful. Although dogs have a good and faithful relationship with humans, the idea of a black hound would be perceived as evil and viscous. Sherlock Holmes always dismisses the supernatural and keeps looking for scientific facts until he can explain what has happened. For example: Sherlock Holmes uses facts and logic to explain the death of Sir Charles Baskervilles until at the end of the novel when the hound is killed that Sherlock Holmes explains the supernatural. Dr Watson, who is quite logical, is more convinced of a supernatural element. Holmes is more convinced of the logical element. Literary traditions of this novel are of the same as other gothic novels. Novels like Emily Bronthe, Wuthering Heights and Du Maurier Jamaican Inn are also gothic. They have similar settings as to The Hound of the Baskervilles. They all have moors, which are isolated and located in a place with no sign of life with land surrounding. All have wild threats posed to the moors. Sherlock Holmes conducts everything through logic. For example: when a cane is left by a visitor, Holmes uses logic to come up with what the most likely thing the cane would be associated with. Sir Arthur Connan-Doyle wrote The Hound of the Baskervilles in the way he did because in the Victorian Era people used to believe in the idea of supernatural. Sir Arthur Connan-Doyle wanted to show the audience that the idea of supernatural could b e explained using logic and facts. He also wrote it the way in which he did because every month chapters of the novel were published in The Strand magazine. So therefore that built up suspense for the, who would then go out and buy the next edition. Watson believes more in the supernatural element because Sir Arthur Connan-Doyle wanted to have a character, who at first tries to explain through logic, but later starts to believe in the supernatural as well as what the Baskervilles say to him. For example: when Sherlock Holmes is in the caves to induct his own investigation that there is no hound and that Stapleton is the villain, while giving Watson no indication what he is doing. Stapleton is the son of Roger Baskerville. He is an ex-convict having previously done four large bank robberies. He is the husband of Mrs. Stapleton (real name Mrs. Lyons). Both the themes of logic and supernatural are important as the story is mainly based on the idea of supernatural, which later would be explained by logic and facts. The novel is not relevant to todays readers as many do not believe in the idea of supernatural as there is no proof of supernatural existing. Whereas if something is explained by logic there is evidence to back it up.

The Endangered Arabian Leopard Sociology Essay

The Endangered Arabian Leopard Sociology Essay This project is about investigating the biodiversity and the importance of preserving biodiversity. Each group have chosen an Arabian species to evaluate it and to investigate its status. Every member of the group has to write one part of the report. Investigating biodiversity, the status of the species and how can we protect this species from loss. And how can the society as a whole contribute to the preservation of the biodiversity and the specific species that we chose to write about. Biodiversity is a very important subject, as today the world is facing a biodiversity crises. The biodiversity crises basically means the loss of many types of different species on earth that humans lives depend on (IUCN, 2010). Biodiversity is the variety of life it is the variety of all species on the planet. Biodiversity contains all the different animals, plants, creatures, insects, microorganisms and it includes the diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. Biodiversity can be divided into three types Genetic diversity, organismal diversity, and ecological diversity. The genetic diversity covers the components of the genetic code that makeup organisms and the variations between the individuals in the population and between populations. Organismal diversity includes the taxonomic hierarchy from individuals to genera and beyond. Ecological diversity includes the scales of ecological differences from populations, niches, habitats, up to biomes (Gaston, K. Spicer , J. 2004). We have chosen to write about a very beautiful and amazing animal. This animal lives in parts of the Arabian peninsula. People used to kill it to save their cattle from being eaten by this animal, and then they used its nice patterned fur for decorating their homes, and they were also hunted for their teeth and claws (McGregor, T., Spalton, A. Hikmani, H. 2007). The animal that we will discuss is the Arabian Leopard, as we know that it is an endangered animal in the Arabian peninsula and we would like to explore more information about this gorgeous animal. Kingdom ANIMALIA Phylum CHORDATA Class MAMMALIA Order CARNIVORA Family FELIDAE Genus Panthera Species PANTHERA PARDUS Sub Species PANTHERA PARDUS NIMR The Arabian Leopard is one of the common names of this animal, the other common name is the South Arabian Leopard. The Arabian leopard is a sub species of the known leopard panthera pardus. The scientific name of the Arabian Leopard is Panthera pardus ssp. Nimr. The taxonomy of the Arabian Leopard is shown in the table below (IUCN, 2010). The trophic level of the Arabian leopard is Carnivore. The panthera pardus nimr is considered the smallest subspecies of leopards. Its total length is between 160 cm 220 cm, the length of its tail only is between 66 cm 100 cm. The Arabian leopard weight is between 28 kg 75 kg. The Arabian leopards has special small and widely spaced spots (Kingdon, j. 1991). The color of the Arabian leopards body is nearly pale brown or golden color. Its lower part of the body can be yellow or white. The spots are black and sometimes have the shape of a flower (Selim, M. El-Batanouny, K. n.d.) Hessa Aqab Shahin 200880840 The ecological niche means the species way of life or role in a community or an ecosystem and it includes everything that affects its survival and reproduction (Spoolman, S. Miller, T. 2008). The Arabian leopards depends on livestock, domestic goats, Arabian Tahr, and other small birds and mammals as a food source. The Arabian Leopard is considered a very powerful predator in the region where it is on control. The habitat of the Arabian leopard is mostly in mountainous and hilly areas and its rarely venture into open plains (McGregor, T., Spalton, A. Hikmani, H. 2007). Because of the lower numbers of the Arabian leopards in the region another predator has taken its place which is the Caracal (McGregor, T., Spalton, A. Hikmani, H. 2007). So the Caracal has taken over the Arabian leopards place and is occupying its area, and this can cause the Arabian leopards numbers to become less because there is another predator that is taking its food and habitat areas. According to local peopl e in Oman the Caracal is their enemy because it hunts their livestock in wadis and close to their homes while that Arabian leopard only preys on livestock in the mountains so they were aggressive towards that Caracal, they hunt it and kill it because it causes a lot of damage to them. Another thing that affected the Arabian leopards survival in the region is the constant civilization and building roads that reaches the top of the mountains, people also are taking its place by local housing expansion, over grazing, and farming (McGregor, T., Spalton, A. Hikmani, H. 2007). All these human activities and modernization are endangering the Arabian leopards survival in the region. Figure 1: http://www.biosphere-expeditions.org/images/stories/pdfs/reports/report-oman0607.pdf The Arabian leopard can only be seen in several areas in the Arabian peninsula. The distribution range of the Arabian leopard is shown in figure 1. Its distribution ranges from the mountains of Haqel in the north-west of Arabia, Yemen, the mountains of Hadramout to north-east of Oman, and the eastern mountains of the United Arab Emirates. The Arabian leopards extends from the rugged arid, to semi arid mountains along the coast of the Red Sea in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Al Johany, A. 2006). The figure below shows the distribution of the Arabian leopard in the Arabian peninsula and the neighboring region and it shows whether the Arabian leopard distribution is confirmed, probable, possible, or historical in that particular area. Hala Ibrahim 200601460 Species classified by Biologists that heading toward biological extinction as threatened, extinct and endangered species. Firstly, threatened species is a species that still abundant in its natural range but they continues to decrease and most likely to became endangered in the future. Also, threatened species can known as vulnerable species and the example of this kind of species is Dugong dugon. Secondly, some species not known in wild, it only can found in zoos or private collection such as Arabian Oryx and that an example of extinct species. Thirdly, an endangered species is a few numbers of organisms population that at risk to be extinct or threatened because of environmental changing or human impact and the Arabian leopard is an example of this species(Miller, T., Spoolman, S). Endangered species include 1 in 4 mammals, 1 in 8 birds and 1/3 of all amphibians(The plight of endangered species). However, many scientists and some university courses are focusing in this type of spe cies to preserve and protect them to not be extinction. Arabian leopard is one of this endangered species which estimated to no more than 250 mature individuals. Also, this number is subject to decline in the future which mean that Arabian leopards are able to be extinct because of the small population they have. The Arabian leopard was spread widely in the mountains of Arab countries such as Haqel in the northern part of Median Mountains, in Hijaz and the Sarawat Mountains. In addition, this leopard existed in the northern Yemen highlands, in the mountains of Ras al-Khaimah and the eastern region of UAE and in the Jebel Samhan and Dhofar mountains in Oman(Arabian leopard- critically endangered(CR)). However, the lack of awareness amongst the people in the past lead to decrease the numbers of leopards. What are the reasons that make species threatened and endangered? Hunting, killing and perishing are the causes of the reduction of Arabian leopard which mostly caused by people in a direct and indirect way. Sometimes leopards were killed accidentally when they was eating poisoned which is putted to wolves and hyenas. In 1986, four Arabian leopards killed in the Ras Al-Khaimah mountains in the UAE(Harman, A). Moreover, a recently killed leopard found in 1992 in the border area between Sultanate Oman and UAE, sadly, in the same area other two leopards found one of them killed and another injured. 50,000 leopard were killed during the early 1960s just in East Africa(Harman, A). In addition, some of farmers and cattle herdsmen are forced to kill the Arabian leopard to save them self and their livestock because they thought that leopard are attacking and killing their goats and may attack them and people who live around. On the other hand, some people are killing and hunting the Arabian leopards because of the commercial value they have. Hunters take the advantages from leopards through selling their skins and the leopard furs and that happened with some traders in Africa and Yemen(Harman, A). This kind of illegal situation could increase the income of traders but affect negatively in Arabian leopards which make them endangered and threatens their population. Habitat destruction it also considered as the most serious cause that threatens species when it mean the complete lose of areas with it all resources that species need to survive(Miller, T., Spoolman, S). Unfortunately, the increase of peoples population has a negative effect in areas that mammal live in, there is always a new construction of shopping malls, parks, developed houses and factories. Also, there is a daily cut of forests and Hala Ibrahim 200601460 grassland in areas that Arabian leopard and other mammals live in (Kirkland, G). Species are basically need food, shelter, water and the proper environment as human needs to survive and live in suitable environment (Bailey, R.) . Moreover, habitat fragmentation which represent the isolation of areas to many sections and make it difficult for species to feeding, migration and mating. Also, the number of Arabian leopard declined because of the reduction in numbers of deer and bucks that live in the mountain area that leopard live in and characterize as the main source of food for leopard(Arabian Leopard). Species affected by changing and rendering habitat and that changes come from draining wetlands, constructing flood-control reservoir and plowing native grasslands. Directly or indirectly, Arabian leopard can be affected and died because of the environmental pollution, that pollution can limiting and reducing the needs of the mammals. Some mammals die after drinking waters that contai ned a cyanide(Kirkland, G). Endangered species has some certain common characteristics that shared with other endangered and extinct species such as the large size. Some of endangered species has a large size which need hundreds or thousands of acres to support their population , when other mammals such mice need a small woodlot to live in. Also, endangered species has a low productive rate because some mammals naturally produce just one offspring each year and it is difficult to recover rabidly if the mortality rate is high(Kirkland, G). Compared to small rodents, they are able to produce many large litters in each year. Endangered mammals and Arabian leopards can also considered as a species that has a small population, rare and has high trophic level. Mammals as Arabian leopard become threatened if the specialized habitats they live in is widely separated to many spaces and in small sizes, because these species need a large areas in order to find their priorities of food and water to survive. Figure 2: http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/oman-yemen-tie-up-urged-to-save-leopards-1.18006 Haya Sultan 200520663 Over the last million years, nearly five mass extinctions have occurred since the beginning of the universe. They either determine the end of an era of time or the beginning of another. The Ordovician-Silurian extinction, the late Devonian extinction, the Premian-Triassic extinction, the Triassic-Jurassic extinction and the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction was the five mass extinctions. Figure 3 Figure 3 Each one of them had causes, in the end of the Ordovician extinction about 447 until 444 million years ago; mark the border between the Ordovician period and the period following which is the Silurian. In that extinction there were several important changes in the size of carbon isotopes of essentials of the reaction and the biology of oxygen. Those changes refer to classified different stages in a single event. At that time, complex multicellular organisms lived in the sea, and about 100 families of them covers about 49 percent of the marine. More reliable estimate of species of the animals has become extinct. The earth lost brachiopods and small bi-valve bryozoans colonials, along with many families of trilobites and graptolites (small colonial marine animals). The late Devonian extinction was equivalent to the global cooling and has been suggested as a cause of extinction of the Devonian, as is also suspected of causing the extinction of the terminal Ordovician. Climate change and the drop of sea level caused the Premian-Triassic extinction also. In the Triassic-Jurassic extinction and the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, the scientist said that a volcano caused it. Volcanoes release a range of Haya Sultan 200520663 gases into the stratosphere of which SO2 and CO2 are volumetrically the most important (Devine, J.D. Sigurdsson, H. Davis, A.N. (1984). Those causes that happened in the past naturally happened. But nowadays, we might face another mass extinction but this time humans are the main cause of it. The causes nowadays are many. First on is the destruction of species habitat and fragmentation. We remove many forests either to use the trees in making furniture or papers or either to make papers, which destroys lot habitats of many kinds of species. Second thing is rapid human population growth. Which means more land to be cleared to build houses and facilities. Third cause is genetic pollution. Pollution caused by factories and transportations. Forth cause is Global warming. According to wildlife Middle East news they said, The recent rapid decline of the Arabian leopard is due to a variety of reasons, most of which are caused by people. Rapid human population growth causes encroachment into wilderness areas, putting pressure on leopards and other wild. Depletion by hunting of natural prey such as Nubian ibex (Capra ibex), Arabian tahr (Hemitragus jayakari), Mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella cora), and rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) leaves little for leopards to eat so some are forced to prey on livestock. This leads to conflicts with villagers who kill leopards in order to protect their herds. Wealthy animal collectors who pay huge sums for Arabian Leopards encourage the trapping of leopards for the illegal market. Different sectaries in the UAE are taking action to protect the Arabian leopard. In 1993, the UAE set up the Arabian leopard trust which is planning to protect its habitat in the mountains, and conserving native Arabian wildlife in general. The Arabian Leopard Trust is trying to maintain the impact on the Arabian leopard locally and globally. Also in Sharjah there is a breeding center which successfully had the third litter of cubs born. We as individuals we can help protecting the Arabian leopard by stop introducing non-native animals and leave them in the wild. Also recycling and reducing pollution helps. Not just the Arabian Leopard, but also all the species that are threaten and endangered. And government can help by protect the mountainous habitats and set laws to stop hunters from threaten the Arabian leopard. The media also have a very big impact on people. It can spread awareness among people about endangers animals and how can we help in protecting them. Summary conclusion: Biodiversity means the variety of life on earth. The Arabian leopard is an Arabian animal that faces the danger of being extinct. Endangered species as Arabian leopard is a species that still abundant in wild but their population are able to decline. Human impact and environmental pollution has a significant role of the reduction of Arabian leopards population. This endangered leopard has some common characteristics such as low productive, small population and large size. There are also some initiatives done to protect this animal from loss. After doing research and writing this report we found out that animals and different species in the entire world are very important. Each and every animal, insect, plant, or even bacteria has an important role in this ecosystem and in maintaining the balance of life on earth. All these different species, both the ones we discovered and the ones we didnt, are interconnected in a way or another. For example the species that we based our report abou t; the Arabian leopard, has mostly disappeared from many regions so another animal took its place in that area like the caracal who is now attacking cattle more than the Arabian leopard would do if it was in its normal region. And this thing affects the ecosystem there. So we noticed that if any species is lost it affects the ecosystem in some way; thats why we should be concerned about saving the species and preventing them from loss, because we want to live in a balanced healthy world. And the species loss is breaking the balance and the harmony of life. Islam is a very merciful religion for both humans and animals. For example there is Hadith Sharif a saying by prophet Mohammed peace be upon him Narrated Abu Huraira: Allahs Apostle said, While a man was walking on a road. he became very thirsty. Then he came across a well, got down into it, drank (of its water) and then came out. Meanwhile he saw a dog panting and licking mud because of excessive thirst. The man said to himself This dog is suffering from the same state of thirst as I did. So he went down the well (again) and filled his shoe (with water) and held it in his mouth and watered the dog. Allah thanked him for that deed and forgave him. The people asked, O Allahs Apostle! Is there a reward for us in serving the animals? He said, (Yes) There is a reward for serving any animate (living being) . (Good Manners and form, n.d.). Thats why we should protect biodiversity out of our religion, and even out of the persons values also. If the status of our species was reevaluated when we are 50 years old. We think that Arabian leopards will be extinct in the wild, but there will be some raised in captivities and wildlife preserves. As we notice this huge development and change in the habitat of this species which lives in the mountains. But if the concerns about its loss started from now the situation might improve and we might have an increase in the numbers of the Arabian leopards. But they would probably be raised in places far from this development and they might create more preserves to save what can be saved from its habitat.

From the Perspective of the Spouse :: Neurology Medical Health Essays

From the Perspective of the Spouse The cerebellum is the main part of the brain where primary motor functions take place, so lesions in this area of the brain are extremely serious. It is located at the bottom rear of the head just above the brainstem (see picture 1). Although the cerebellum looks small it contains nearly 50% of all of the neurons in the brain, and the cerebellum handles nearly 200 million inputs. The cerebellum is involved in computing movements, the measurement of time, directing attention and many other motor and cognitive functions. The cerebellum is an essential part of the brain and a lesion to the brain can cause severe problems (wikipedia.org). I have recently noticed my husband eliciting odd behavior, he recently has had difficulty moving, he seams to have a hesitation or a slight tremor before attempting to make a movement. A good example was when my husband began to walk over to the bathroom he hesitated and had difficulty reaching for the bathroom door. I also noticed another odd behavior of my husband elicited when he began to reach for his coffee cup and he used an excessive amount of force and instead of grabbing his coffee cup he knocked it clear across the room. After noticing this odd behavior, I took my husband to see a doctor who referred us to a neurologist, who informed us of a lesion that had occurred in my husbands cerebellum(wikipedia.org). The cerebellum is key in motor coordination and lesions to the cerebellum cause difficulty in performing such tasks. An issue that the spouse needs to realize is that their partner may have language problems, which may cause them to become frustrated when attempting to say a particular sentence it takes them several attempts, so you need to be patient. Some people with these lesions only have poor verbal intelligence and problems with complex language tasks. While some other patients also exhibit auditory comprehension problems, such as difficulty reading and writing. Another issue that concerns cerebral lesions can be problems associated with the storage of information, which is another issue the spouse needs to be concerned with because they may need to verbally remind their significant other several times about simply tasks (Schmidt).